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发布时间：2020-09-01 17:22:40

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村庄里的“村庄”——江苏省北沙幼儿园

发布时间：2020-04-09
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【概要描述】这座“小屋式”幼儿园更像缩小版的村庄，亲切的尺度带给孩子们自小熟悉的感觉；趣味的空间关系又带来新奇感，鼓励孩子好奇探索。

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村庄里的“村庄”——江苏省北沙幼儿园

【概要描述】这座“小屋式”幼儿园更像缩小版的村庄，亲切的尺度带给孩子们自小熟悉的感觉；趣味的空间关系又带来新奇感，鼓励孩子好奇探索。

分类：Design设计
作者：MEFine觅范
来源：MEFine觅范
发布时间：2020-04-09 00:03
访问量：

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近年来，江苏省率先开始在全省推动高质量学前教育的发展，包括教育资源一度欠缺的乡村地区。2015年，阜宁县政府委托Crossboundaries为其下辖的北沙村设计一所中心幼儿园，以缓解当地幼教资源不足的问题。

阜宁县背倚苏北平原，面临苏中水网，自古崇文重教、尊道厚德，素有“江淮乐地”之称。如今，四时变化的农事仍是当地人主要的生产、生活内容之一。广阔的沃野托举起其上星罗棋布的房屋和其他人工建造物。

前往北沙的一路上，窗外是一望无际的丰饶平原，薄雾笼罩的地平线偶尔被成排的树木和房屋中断。这就是江苏农村大体的面貌：平坦、无边的风景，正如其上的天空一样广袤无垠。而一旦你步入村中，一马平川的感觉立时就被消解。随处可见的高大树木将天空与田野切割成拼贴画般的背景；通过这些天然“柱廊”走向村中房舍时，会有桃源探秘般的新奇感。村庄周边的林木，同那些坡顶、砖墙的两三层农舍搭配起来，是那么和谐。

如此景致，就成为Crossboundaries设计的北沙幼儿园生长、扎根的微观环境。

“迷你村庄”

本次设计的关键点，是对尺度的把控。我们设计的组团式建筑，用若干“小屋式”结构分解了幼儿园所需的总建筑体量，并以一片多功能的户外活动场将每栋“小屋”集结在一起。这种室内外密切衔接、高度混合的空间关系，不仅呼应了乡村的原生肌理，对儿童早期教育而言更是十分重要的场所环境。正如“中国现代幼教之父”陈鹤琴所言：“大自然、大社会都是活教材”，儿童需要在与自然和社会的直接接触中、在亲身观察中获取经验和知识。而空间的设计者要为孩子们营造这种环境，创造这些机会。

这座“小屋式”幼儿园更像缩小版的村庄，亲切的尺度带给孩子们自小熟悉的感觉；趣味的空间关系又带来新奇感，鼓励孩子好奇探索。来到幼儿园，他们或许首先会注意到中央的主活动场；随后，当他们漫步到“小屋”之间，就会发现房前屋后到处都是小小的神秘乐园，可以自由自在地学知识或捉迷藏，就像在村里一样。

在附近村镇考察时，我们也曾见到很多典型的“教学楼式”幼儿园——隔绝环境、局限视野的大体量高层立方体，以及高度重复的单调立面，将一种相对孤立的“都市逻辑”植入了乡村既有的空间语境，像个外来的闯入者，而不是令孩子们感到熟稔、自在和温暖的“第二家园”。当地众多留守儿童的父母同当今全国各地的乡村青壮年一样，选择季节性地外出打工，错过了自己孩子成长的大部分时光。所以对于这些孩子而言，幼儿园确实就是他们的第二个家。

探索之乐

二层步道的功能，不仅连通着各个区域，也是孩子们的活动平台。上到二层平台，孩子们的目光会立刻被起伏的坡屋顶吸引，忽有置身山谷的感觉，树冠也几乎触手可及。视角的小小转变，就能使孩子们换一个角度去观察自己周围的一切，拓展他们日常的空间体验。

立面材料选用了本地随处可得的老青砖和白色灰泥，每栋“小屋”的面貌都不尽相同。在房屋的底层开设了多处相互对望的方窗，为每栋建筑与每处小庭院之间建立起视觉联系，移步换景，将别处的活动引入视野，形成通透、有趣的室内外关系。

自2018年建成以来，这座幼儿园不仅是孩子们的乐土，亦成为村中居民喜欢的社交场所。父母或祖父母们聚集在此，在接送孩子之余，有了更多融洽的交流。

项目信息：

地点：中国，江苏，阜宁县，北沙村

客户：江苏省阜宁县教育局

总建筑面积：2815.4 平方米

学生人数：300人

设计周期：2015年12月至2016年9月

施工周期：2017年4月至2018年8月

完成时间：2018年8月

设计方：Crossboundaries, 北京

合伙人：Binke Lenhardt（蓝冰可）, 董灏

设计团队：Tracey Loontjens ，Alan Chou（周业伦），Andra Ciocoiu，郝洪漪

摄. 影：吴清山，郝洪漪，刘敏玲

SECOND HOME FOR THE LEFT-BEHIND CHILDREN: JIANGSU BEISHA KINDERGARTEN

On the initiative of the local government facing shortage of preschool education in rural area, Crossboundaries was commissioned in 2015 to design a kindergarten for the Beisha Village in Fu’ning County, Jiangsu, the first province in China that has accelerated the development of high-quality preschool education throughout urban and rural areas.

Fu’ning County has been well-known for its tradition of advocating education, culture and morality. Located in-between the North plain and the central water network in Jiangsu Province, the county’s seasonal dynamics of agricultural produce still takes up most of space and dominates as an activity and as a way of making a living, putting dwellings and all built environment in the background.

Approaching to Beisha, you would be greeted by the endless fertile plain, its horizon deluded by the mist and just occasionally interrupted by the linearly arranged trees and houses. This is how most of rural Jiangsu is: flat, boundless landscape, as infinite as the skies above it. Once you arrive in the village, the feeling of overwhelming flatness somewhat disintegrates, the skies and soil become just a background collage, sliced in pieces by the tall trees that now dominate the scenery. Approaching the buildings through this natural colonnade feels like a discovery, a special framework that works well with the small, 2-3 stories houses with pitched roofs and brick facades.

And it is exactly this setting, the zoomed-in rural landscape of the Jiangsu flatland that the kindergarten designed by Crossboundaries grew from and ultimately belong to.

“MINI VILLAGE”

Appropriate scale of the project was a crucial starting point of this design and led us in creating a building cluster for Beisha, with required building volume broken down to house-like pieces, integrated by the central multifunctional open space. This integration of the outdoor and indoor is crucial to the early education environment and innate to the rural context.

This Beisha kindergarten functions as a smaller, slightly modified version of village, of which the scale gives the children a sense of familiarity and the interesting building relationships introduce novelty and encourage curiosity. Entering into the gate, children would first discover the main central space and the overall “settlement” surrounded by the trees and then, as they meander in between the “houses” they discover small, secret places tucked away from the main square, perfect for outdoor learning activities and playing Hide-and-Seek, just like what they always do in the villages.

In contrast, a typical school form, a courtyard enclosed by the prismatic volumes and repetitive façade that blocks off the surrounding and limits the view, with its protective, city logic would be a foreign object in this setting, an intruder in existing context, a symbol of inserted institutional architecture, rather than a place where the children would feel familiar and free, and identify it as their second home. And second home is exactly what the kindergarten for many of these children is, in quite literal sense considering that many young parents of rural area seasonally migrate to big cities for work and miss out on big periods of their children growing up.

FUN OF EXPLORATION

In Beisha kindergarten, the second floor pathways are not just connections between areas, they are also combined together into a platform of explorations for children. Once you are up on the second floor platform your experience is suddenly overtaken by the dynamic slopes of the roofs. The endless plain suddenly feels like a mountain gorge and the treetops are within a hand’s reach. This little shift of perspective enables the children to see their surrounding in a different frame and expand their everyday spatial experience.

The materials used for facades are locally available recycled bricks combined with white plaster, creating different faces of each “house”. The window placement on the ground floor, with several square windows of the houses facing each other, establish the visual connection between the buildings through the yards, constantly reframing the views and integrating activities and connecting inside with outside.

Since its completion in 2018, the kindergarten became not only a pleasure land for children but an easy gathering place of their communities. Parents and grandparents tend to chat and share more time during sending and picking up their children.

Project info:

Location: Beisha Village, Fu’ning County, Jiangsu, China

Client: Education Bureau of Fu’ning county, Jiangsu

Total Architecture Area: 2,815.4 sqm

Number of students: 300

Design period: December 2015 - September 2016

Construction period: April 2017 - August 2018

Completed: August 2018

Architect: Crossboundaries, Beijing

Partners in charge: Binke Lenhardt, DONG Hao

Design Team: Tracey Loontjens, Alan Chou, Andra Ciocoiu, HAO Hongyi

Photographers: WU Qingshan, HAO Hongyi, Mini LIU

关于Crossboundaries

Crossboundaries 致力于通过建築设计、环境设计和城市更新方案，营造充满活力、生气的生活空间。我们在创造凝固建筑的过程中，往往要面对到繁琐的技术难题和文化沟通困难。但每次过程后最终呈现的解决方案，总是具有愉悦的材质触感和对人文氛围的深刻思考。事务所成立于2005年，作为一个拥有国际合作伙伴的设计团队，在北京和法兰克福均设有办公室，设计成员来自全球各国。Crossboundaries以跨国的视野、本土的文化知识和专业技能，催生出独特的空间解决方案。

合伙人董灏和蓝冰可（Binke Lenhardt）毕业于纽约普瑞特艺术学院建筑学硕士，并在纽约有多年工作经验。随后来到中国并定居北京，同时在北京市建筑设计研究院任职。2005年，以国际伙伴关系创立Crossboundaries。两人亦执教于中央美术学院和清华大学。

Crossboundaries设计范围广阔，从公共到私人项目，从小型企业到大集团，政府部门到慈善机构都有涉及。设计作品及参与项目从数万平米的建筑到数千平的室内项目，其中包括北大附中本校、朝阳未来学校、索易快乐成长中心、爱慕时尚工厂和服饰店、家盒子（北京、上海、青岛），以及同西门子和宝马合作的办公室和展厅。工作室亦参与理论研究，并于第十五届威尼斯双年展参展“穿越中国——中国理想家“，以及2018年于北京举办的CHINA HOUSE VISION大展。

Crossboundaries的作品受到各界的关注和认可，多见于国内外一流建筑及设计媒体。同时也获得了国内外众多重要奖项，近期包括2018及2019年度德国设计大奖，2018年度Architizer A+大奖，2018年度Architecture MasterPrize大奖，2015、2017、2019连续三年获评《安邸AD》“AD100”年度设计师，并常年入围各大国际奖项决选。

ABOUT CROSSBOUNDARIES

Crossboundaries contributes to a vital built environment through architecture, environmental design and urban regeneration. We create enduring architecture that often deals with remarkable technical processes, yet always has a pleasant material touch and human atmosphere. Founded in 2005 and organized as an international partnership, Crossboundaries has staff originating from and trained in different parts of the world, with offices in Beijing, China and Frankfurt, Germany. We provide unique spatial solutions deriving from local cultural knowledge and transnational expertise.

After receiving their Masters Degrees in Architecture from Pratt Institute DONG Hao and Binke Lenhardt worked in New York for several years before making their home in China. They both started in the Beijing Institute of Architectural Design (BIAD) before founding Crossboundaries in 2005 as an international partnership. They teach at the Central Academy of Fine Arts (CAFA) and recently also at Tsinghua University.

Crossboundaries is working for both the public and private sector, ranging from smaller enterprises to large corporations, from government agencies to non-profit organizations. They completed a great range of small scale interior designs and architectural projects of larger sizes, their portfolio includes Soyoo Joyful Growth Center, Family Box, Aimer’s Lingerie Factory, showrooms and offices in collaboration with Siemens and BMW. The office is also engaged in theoretical research projects such as Citymakers and House Vision, exhibited at 15th International Architecture Exhibition, La Biennale di Venezia. And also in 2018 BEIJING HOUSE VISION.

Crossboundaries’work has been published across a range of leading industry magazines and is also frequently featured in online design media. We have received multiple international accolades, most recently the 2018 and 2019 German Design Award, Architizer A+ Award 2018, the Architecture MasterPrize 2018, 2AAA 2018, etc., and were shortlisted for the WAN 2018, Architizer A+ Award 2016, etc.

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